Discover the legacy of Dr. Wickramabahu Karunaratne, a prominent figure in Sri Lankan left-wing politics. Learn about his commitment to socialist ideals, major political milestones, and lasting impact on the country’s political landscape
Early Life and Education
Family Background
Dr. Wickramabahu Karunaratne was born on March 8, 1943, in Lunugala, Badulla District, British Ceylon. His parents, both teachers, instilled in him the importance of education and social justice from a young age. This early foundation laid the groundwork for his future pursuits in both academia and politics.
Academic Achievements
Dr. Wickramabahu Karunaratne attended Ananda Shasthralaya in Mathugama for his primary education and later Ananda College in Colombo for his secondary education. His academic prowess led him to the University of Ceylon, where he graduated with first-class honors in electrical engineering. A Commonwealth scholarship took him to the University of Cambridge, where he earned a doctorate in 1970. His return to Sri Lanka marked the beginning of an illustrious academic career, which he balanced alongside his burgeoning political activities.
Entry into Politics
Joining the Lanka Sama Samaja Party (LSSP)
Dr. Wickramabahu Karunaratne’s political journey began in 1962 when he joined the Lanka Sama Samaja Party (LSSP) as an undergraduate. His dedication and ideological alignment with the party’s socialist principles quickly elevated him to the LSSP’s Central Committee by 1972. However, ideological conflicts with the party leadership, particularly over their support for the Sri Lanka Freedom Party and the 1972 Republican Constitution, led to his expulsion.
Formation of the Nava Sama Samaja Party (NSSP)
In 1977, undeterred by his expulsion from the LSSP, Dr. Wickramabahu Karunaratne co-founded the Nava Sama Samaja Party (NSSP) with other former LSSP members, including Vasudeva Nanayakkara. This new party sought to continue the struggle for socialist ideals and provide a platform for leftist voices in Sri Lanka.
Political Ideology and Beliefs
Commitment to Socialist Ideals
Throughout his life, Dr. Wickramabahu Karunaratne remained unwavering in his commitment to socialist principles. He believed in the redistribution of wealth, the nationalization of key industries, and the provision of essential services such as healthcare and education for all citizens. His political activities were always driven by a vision of a more equitable society.
Advocacy for Human Rights
Dr. Wickramabahu Karunaratne was also a staunch advocate for human rights. He spoke out against various forms of oppression and injustice, whether they were economic, social, or political. His activism often put him at odds with the government, leading to multiple arrests and detentions throughout his career.
Major Political Milestones
Early Arrests and Detentions
In 1978, Dr. Wickramabahu Karunaratne was arrested in Kandy for attempting to put up protest slogans against then-President J.R. Jayewardene. Although he was released without charge after a few months, this incident marked the beginning of a series of confrontations with the authorities. The University of Peradeniya, where he was employed, suspended him following his arrest, though he was later reinstated after a prolonged inquiry.
Proscription of Leftist Parties
Following the Black July anti-Tamil riots in 1983, the Sri Lankan government proscribed the NSSP, Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP), and the Communist Party of Sri Lanka (CP). Dr. Wickramabahu Karunaratne, along with other left-wing leaders, went into hiding until the proscription was lifted in 1985. Despite these challenges, he remained an influential figure in leftist politics.
Contributions to Political Discourse
Involvement in United Socialist Alliance
In 1987, the NSSP joined forces with the LSSP, CP, and Sri Lanka Mahajana Pakshaya (SLMP) to form the United Socialist Alliance. This coalition aimed to strengthen the leftist movement in Sri Lanka and present a united front against the prevailing political establishment. Karunaratne’s efforts were instrumental in promoting socialist ideas and policies within this alliance.
Formation of New Left Front
In 1998, the NSSP, National Democratic Movement, New Democratic Party, and the United Socialist Party (a breakaway faction of the NSSP) came together to form the New Left Front (NLF). The NLF sought to unify various leftist factions and create a cohesive political force. Although the United Socialist Party eventually left the NLF, the Democratic Left Front (another NSSP breakaway faction) joined the coalition, continuing Karunaratne’s legacy of fostering leftist unity.
Personal Life and Character
Personal Struggles and Challenges
Despite his public persona, Dr. Wickramabahu Karunaratne faced numerous personal challenges. His political activism often came at the cost of personal and professional stability. However, he remained steadfast in his beliefs, demonstrating resilience and determination in the face of adversity.
Influence on Young Politicians
Dr. Wickramabahu Karunaratne’s commitment to his ideals and his perseverance in the political arena inspired many young politicians. His willingness to mentor and support emerging leaders ensured that his influence extended beyond his immediate political activities.
The 2010 Presidential Campaign
Left Front’s Candidate
In 2010, Karunaratne was chosen as the Left Front’s candidate for the Sri Lankan presidential elections. His campaign focused on promoting socialist policies and advocating for greater social justice. Despite his efforts, the campaign faced significant challenges, including limited resources and media coverage.
Election Outcome
The election results saw Karunaratne receive only 7,055 votes, accounting for a mere 0.07% of all votes cast. Although the outcome was not favorable, his participation highlighted the presence of leftist ideology in the national political landscape.
Legacy and Impact
Contributions to Sri Lankan Politics
Dr. Wickramabahu Karunaratne’s contributions to Sri Lankan politics were significant and enduring. His steadfast commitment to socialist principles and human rights left a lasting impact on the country’s political discourse. He was a vocal critic of injustice and a tireless advocate for the marginalized.
Remembering Dr. Karunaratne
Karunaratne’s passing marks the end of an era in Sri Lankan left-wing politics. His life’s work continues to inspire those who strive for a more equitable society. He is remembered not only for his political achievements but also for his unwavering dedication to his beliefs.
Conclusion
Dr. Wickramabahu Karunaratne’s life was a testament to the power of conviction and perseverance. His journey from a young student activist to a prominent political leader showcases his enduring commitment to socialist ideals and human rights. His legacy will continue to inspire future generations of political leaders in Sri Lanka and beyond.
FAQs
Q1: What were Dr. Wickramabahu Karunaratne’s main political beliefs?
Dr. Karunaratne was a staunch socialist, advocating for wealth redistribution, nationalization of key industries, and the provision of essential services for all citizens. He also championed human rights and social justice.
Q2: How did Dr. Karunaratne’s early life influence his political career?
His parents, both teachers, instilled in him the importance of education and social justice. His academic achievements and early involvement in politics as an undergraduate laid the foundation for his lifelong commitment to leftist ideals.
Q3: What were some of the major challenges Dr. Karunaratne faced in his political career?
Dr. Karunaratne faced numerous challenges throughout his career, including multiple arrests and detentions due to his activism. The proscription of leftist parties in 1983 forced him and other leaders into hiding. Additionally, his 2010 presidential campaign faced significant obstacles, including limited resources and media coverage.
Q4: How did Dr. Karunaratne contribute to leftist politics in Sri Lanka?
Dr. Karunaratne played a crucial role in shaping leftist politics in Sri Lanka through his involvement in various political parties and coalitions. He was instrumental in founding the Nava Sama Samaja Party (NSSP), forming the United Socialist Alliance, and creating the New Left Front. His advocacy for socialist principles and human rights left a lasting impact on Sri Lankan political discourse.
Q5: What is Dr. Karunaratne’s legacy?
Dr. Karunaratne’s legacy is marked by his unwavering commitment to socialist ideals and human rights. His efforts to promote social justice and his contributions to political discourse in Sri Lanka continue to inspire new generations of leaders. His life’s work reflects a deep dedication to creating a more equitable society.